#01Aug 28, 2026
cs.CV
Texture Image Classification Using DWT AlexNet Feature Fusion and Deep Neural Networks
Arun D. Kulkarni
Texture image classification plays a significant role in computer vision applications, including industrial inspection, medical image analysis, remote sensing, and object recognition. Handcrafted features can capture local texture characteristics but may have limited capability to represent complex visual patterns. In contrast, deep learning models automatically learn discriminative representations but may not fully exploit the multiscale spatial-frequency information inherent in texture images. This paper proposes a hybrid feature fusion framework, termed DWT_AlexNet_DNN, which combines Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) features with deep features extracted using AlexNet for texture image classification.
#02Aug 28, 2026
cs.CV
A comprehensive and trustworthy benchmark of AI methods for change detection in Earth observation
Tadej Tomanič, Alice Baudhuin, Jan Sotošek and 4 more
Change detection in Earth observation (EO) is critical for monitoring land surface transformations, yet recent research in the field is constrained by inconsistent evaluation protocols and a narrow focus on predictive accuracy without regard for computational efficiency. To address this, we present a standardized, open-source benchmark for evaluating state-of-the-art (SOTA) deep learning methods for Earth observation change detection. We conduct a comprehensive analysis of ten representative model architectures, ranging from convolutional networks (CNNs) to vision transformers (ViTs), across ten heterogeneous change detection datasets. We rigorously evaluate these models with identical experimental protocols, comparing models trained from scratch against those utilizing pre-trained weights. Furthermore, we evaluate predictive performance alongside computational efficiency, including parameter counts and inference latency. Our findings reveal that well-optimized classical architectures, such as Siamese U-Nets, frequently outperform more complex contemporary models when computational efficiency is factored in, and that pre-training consistently provides a significant performance boost with no additional inference cost. To ensure complete transparency and reproducibility, all experimental resources, including standardized data splits, training scripts, training logs, and model checkpoints are publicly available and adhere to FAIR principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable).
#03Aug 28, 2026
cs.CV
AIM: Anchor Identity Features, Then Match for Multimodal Large Language Model Unlearning
Wonjun Lee, Jaehyuk Jang, Kangwook Ko and 2 more
Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) can memorize identity-specific facts about people in their fine-tuning data, creating privacy risks when a person requests deletion. Existing MLLM unlearning methods often assume access to retain images or ground-truth answers during deletion, which is unrealistic in many practical scenarios. We study identity unlearning when retain images are unavailable at deletion time. Our analysis shows that identity and visual-perception questions occupy distinct regions in fine-tuned hidden states and are organized differently: identity questions cluster by person, whereas perception questions cluster by question type. This suggests that identity knowledge can be suppressed without erasing general visual perception. Building on this observation, we propose AIM, a two-stage method that anchors an identity-forgetting target with a universal visual prompt and then matches the vision encoder to that target under a Fisher-based constraint. Extensive experiments show that AIM achieves competitive identity forgetting while preserving non-deleted identities, prior knowledge, and visual perception on the same images.
#04Aug 28, 2026
cs.CV
Conditional Visual Evidence Utility: State-Dependent Rank Reversals in Frozen Vision-Language Encoders
Yunxuan Fang, Xinhe Wang
Static importance scores compress visual evidence into a single ranking, but the value of remaining evidence can change after one cue has been observed. We study this possibility in controlled compositional visual search, where color, shape, and texture evidence can be independently exposed and their conditional marginal utility measured across acquisition states. In a held-out confirmation on 800 scenes, frozen OpenCLIP and SigLIP exhibit robust state-dependent rank reversals that concentrate in candidate-overlap regimes designed to induce ordering changes. The structure persists across two evidence-accumulation constructions and ten equivalent query wordings, but disappears under query-scene derangement. We also ask whether these reversals matter for decisions. In a post-confirmation exploratory matched-first-action analysis, reranking only after the first acquisition yields positive step-2 utility when decisions are selected under one evidence mode, wording, or backbone and evaluated under another. Together, these results show that evidence importance is state-dependent in this controlled setup and that updating an evidence ordering can retain decision-relevant value across evaluator changes. They motivate evaluating vision-language evidence use conditionally rather than through a single static ranking, while providing a measurable target for future adaptive evidence-selection methods.
#05Aug 28, 2026
cs.CV
FUSED: Forensic-Semantic Mixture-of-Experts for AI Inpainting Detection and Localization
Anton Nuzhdin, Marcel Worring, Ivona Najdenkoska
Diffusion-based inpainting models modify only a localized part of an image, while many AI-image detectors rely on global artifacts and do not localize. These artifacts vary across generators, limiting detector transfer under distribution shifts. Recent work shows that restoring the authentic pixels outside the inpainted region removes these cues and can degrade pretrained detectors. To address this, we present FUSED, a unified framework for the joint detection and localization of AI-generated inpainting. FUSED combines low-level forensic cues with high-level semantic features using a sparsely-gated Mixture-of-Experts architecture, enabling the model to adaptively prioritize the most relevant signal for each token. For each input, FUSED predicts both an image-level manipulation score and a pixel-level mask of the inpainted area. On the OpenSDID cross-generator benchmark, FUSED achieves the best average detection and localization, with the largest gains on unseen generators. The same model transfers directly to the held-out AutoSplice and CocoGlide benchmarks, more than doubling localization performance. Evaluating each held-out benchmark with and without the global generator artifact further shows that all evaluated methods, ours included, partly read the artifact as evidence of manipulation, and FUSED remains the strongest under both conditions. Code and pretrained models are available at https://github.com/AntonNuzhdin/FUSED.