#01Oct 29, 2026
cs.CV
Radiology Guideline-derived Decision Graph for Efficient Clinical Decision Support
Xuewen Zhou, Zhen Chen
Radiological risk stratification and management planning are essential downstream tasks in medical imaging. Automating these tasks is challenging because clinical guideline criteria are distributed across prose, tables, and cross-referenced definitions. We present Guideline-derived Decision Graph (GDGraph), a framework that decouples guideline compilation from case evaluation. During compilation, a large language model partitions guidelines into section-based chunks, extracts local decision subgraphs with linked definitions, and aggregates related branches into an executable decision graph. During inference, a fast System One model answers localized clinical questions while deterministic traversal resolves Boolean logic, turning opaque single-pass predictions into a traceable decision path without task-specific training. Across 347 cases spanning renal cyst, adnexal mass, and thyroid nodule guidelines, GDGraph improves System One accuracy from 57.3% to 90.8%, outperforming retrieval-augmented GPT-4o (80.1%) and graph-guided GPT-4o with chain-of-thought (82.7%) at substantially lower latency and cost. The source code will be available.
#02Oct 29, 2026
cs.CV
Probing Spatial State Representations in Visual Foundation Models
Baiqiao Yin, Zhongang Cai, Ruisi Wang and 3 more
An observer sees only part of the surrounding world, yet must keep track of what lies beyond the current view. Spatial perception therefore involves more than recognizing individual images: it calls for a persistent spatial state that is updated under self-motion and used to guide action. Do visual foundation models provide representations that support such a state? We study this question through four levels of spatial capability---spatial structure, object persistence, predictive spatial update, and actionability---using frozen-feature probes on ten representations under streaming egocentric observations of static indoor environments. The resulting capability profiles vary across tasks, network layers, and prefix lengths: strong readout of the visible scene does not ensure accurate object persistence or future-feature retrieval. Matched controls separate readout accuracy from reliance on visual history and motion. Native future prediction retains recoverable spatial structure, but a spatial reader trained on real features does not transfer to predicted features unchanged. Finally, goal-dependent candidate selection does not establish reliable continuous action utility: predicted actions respond to goal changes, yet supplying the correct goal does not reliably improve progress. Across the four levels, object persistence and actionability build on camera-pose readout, whereas feature prediction builds on visible-scene readout. Together, these findings motivate evaluating spatial representations not only by what can be decoded from them, but by whether that information is maintained beyond observation, updated predictively, and used for goal-directed action.
#03Oct 29, 2026
cs.RO
SymAnt: Grounding Long-Horizon Action Anticipation with Adaptable Symbolic Priors
Fnu Aryan, Yaqi Xie, Joseph Campbell and 6 more
As robots and intelligent systems increasingly interact with humans, they must anticipate long sequences of future actions from only brief observations. While purely neural models typically require extensive observations to predict future actions and remain difficult to interpret and adjust, symbolic priors offer a structured alternative. To this end, we introduce SymAnt, a novel neuro-symbolic approach that unifies the expressiveness of neural networks with the structured reasoning of scene and knowledge graphs. Given a short video, SymAnt performs a joint-search over both graphs to construct a symbolic context, enabling unified reasoning over spatial relationships, object attributes, affordances, and associated actions. This symbolic context serves as a prior for an iterative refinement process that progressively generates and improves the sequence of future actions. By grounding predictions in symbolic context, SymAnt anticipates long-horizon actions from short observation windows in a parameter-efficient manner, while enabling users to directly edit the underlying knowledge to adjust predictions without further training. Through our experiments, we demonstrate the effectiveness of SymAnt, particularly when only short observation contexts are available, across five diverse datasets: Breakfast, 50 Salads, EPIC-KITCHENS, EGTEA Gaze+, and Assembly101.
#04Oct 29, 2026
cs.CV
InfantNet: A Large Scale Dataset for Infant Body Pose and Shape Estimation
Zhipeng Hui, Jiahao Wang, Xun Dong and 13 more
Infant pose and shape estimation is essential for applications in childcare, developmental monitoring, and medical diagnosis. However, existing methods and datasets are largely designed for adults, and direct transfer to infants fails due to substantial differences in body proportions, articulation limits, and frequent self-occlusion. To address this gap, we introduce InfantNet, the largest real-image infant dataset to date, comprising 108,902 RGB images of infants aged 6-18 months. Each image is annotated with 2D keypoints, and a curated subset of 11,642 images additionally includes 3D pose and shape annotations with full SMIL parameters, verified through multi-view rendering and reprojection-error filtering. We use an iterative annotation pipeline to ensure high fidelity across both 2D and 3D labels. InfantNet establishes a large-scale, comprehensive benchmark for infant 2D keypoint detection and 3D pose-and-shape recovery. Baseline experiments demonstrate that state-of-the-art adult pose estimators do not generalize well to infants, whereas fine-tuning on InfantNet yields a consistent improvement. The gains are even more pronounced for 3D pose and shape estimation, where SMIL-based estimation demonstrates robust performance with accuracy comparable to results reported for SMPL-based models. By releasing the InfantNet dataset and benchmark, we provide a vital resource for advancing infant pose analysis and related healthcare applications.
#05Oct 29, 2026
cs.CV
L3G-World: Real-Time Infinite World Generation with Latent 3D Gaussian Memory
Jinhyeok Choi, JoungBin Lee, Jongmin Lee and 5 more
Interactive world models generate visual content conditioned on user actions, yet maintaining spatial consistency over long-horizon exploration in real time remains challenging. Existing approaches rely on either temporal context or explicit 3D memory, both of which scale poorly because memory grows with the length of the generated stream. Moreover, explicit 3D memories condition latent video generators by re-encoding RGB renderings, which precludes real-time generation. In this paper, we introduce a Latent 3D Gaussian Memory (L3G) that combines the efficiency of feed-forward reconstruction with a compact, rapidly renderable scene representation. Building on this memory, we propose L3G-World, in which a memory updater and a video diffusion transformer (DiT) alternate autoregressively to generate spatially consistent worlds. The memory updater spawns Gaussians in newly observed regions and refines existing ones, so that the memory grows with scene extent rather than stream length. Each Gaussian further stores a VAE latent feature, allowing the memory to be rendered directly into the DiT's latent space without VAE re-encoding. Experiments show that L3G-World achieves state-of-the-art generation quality and long-horizon spatial consistency, with up to $38.6\times$ fewer 3D primitives, $3.2\times$ faster memory updates, and $359\times$ faster memory rendering relative to the most efficient prior 3D-memory baseline for each metric, enabling real-time world generation at 9 FPS.